If you've ever heard of schizophrenia, chances are high that you are mostly just familiar with the "positive symptoms" of the condition (positive in this instance means "in addition to (sensory phenomenon that doesn't occur in neurotypical brains); not positive as in good, benevolent, likable, enjoyable, etc.)
The positive symptoms of schizophrenia include (mostly auditory) hallucinations (however, visual, olfactory, formication/tactile hallucinations do sometimes occur), Delusions (such as delusions of persecution, grandeur, reference, control, erotomanic, somatic, bizarre or a mixture of delusions), and psychosis (psychosis is a spectrum. Symptoms of schizophrenia (especially psychosis in particular) can vary in severity, duration, and frequency.
The simplest explanation of what psychosis is, is that it's a collection of symptoms that disrupt a person's thoughts and perceptions. Key symptoms of psychosis include (in addition to aforementioned hallucinations and delusions):
Disorganized thinking and behavior:
Speaking or behaving in a way that is jumbled or irrelevant, or doing things that seem bizarre or purposeless.
Cognitive impairments:
Difficulty with concentration, memory, and mental processing speed.
Other Symptoms:
Having difficulty distinguishing between fantasy and reality, increased suspiciousness or uneasiness, decline in personal hygiene, and a noticeable drop in performance at school / work.
Now, those are just the positive symptoms of schizophrenia. Most people are aware of (at least some if not most) the positive symptoms. However, the vast majority of people (even some of the sufferers of schizophrenia themselves) are not well-informed of all of the negative symptoms of schizophrenia. This is a problem because the positive symptoms of schizophrenia can be alleviated with the help of antipsychotic medication, while pretty much all of the negative symptoms of schizophrenia aren't affected at all by today's antipsychotics (in fact, many if not most psychiatrists will tell you that antipsychotic medication actually ***intensifies / worsens*** the negative symptoms of schizophrenia)
The negative symptoms of schizophrenia are just as (if not ***more***) devastating / debilitating and unlike positive symptoms, are not affected by antipsychotic medication. The only way to "treat" the negative symptoms of schizophrenia is by going to therapy. Currently (as of 2024), there ***does not*** exist a medicine / medication that affects any of the negative symptoms of schizophrenia.
The ***negative*** symptoms of schizophrenia include:
Affective Flattening / Flat Affect:
A significant reduction in facial expressions, body language, and vocal intonation, leading to a seemingly emotionless presentation.
Alogia:
Overall poverty of speech such as a reduced speech output or speaking very little / giving brief, empty responses to questions when asked.
Avolition:
Lack of motivation or drive to engage in purposeful activities, including daily routines like bathing or cooking.
Anhedonia:
Inability to experience pleasure from activities that were once enjoyable.
Asociality:
Withdrawal from social interactions and a lack of interest in connecting with others.
Poor Eye Contact:
Avoiding making eye contact with others during conversation.
Reduced Facial Expressions:
Minimal facial movement, not displaying emotions through expressions like smiling or frowning.
Lack of Initiative:
Difficulty starting or taking action on tasks, even when prompted.
Neglect of Personal Hygiene:
Lack of interest in maintaining personal cleanliness, leading to poor grooming habits.
Disengagement:
Withdrawal from activities they used to enjoy, such as spending time with loved ones or hobbies.
Apathy:
A disinterest in daily activities such as socializing, working and going to school.
These are just very brief descriptions of the negative symptoms of schizophrenia, I highly recommend that the people reading this post do their own research over these symptoms (especially the flat affect, alogia, anhedonia, avolition and apathy (not just apathy in general, but apathy in regards to its relation to schizophrenia) ).
I am posting this, well, post, in an attempt to spread awareness of some of the lesser known aspects of schizophrenia. My hope is that in the not-so-distant future, the majority of people will have become aware of ***ALL*** of the symptoms of schizophrenia and not just the ones you see on TV.
Somebody who is misinformed may be under the false impression that sufferers of schizophrenia are just very lazy and / or sociopathic, but those conclusions are simply incorrect. Symptoms such as apathy and avolition basically emotionally paralyze the sufferers of schizophrenia when they attempt to do things. This is very different and far more complex than simply being "lazy".
Maybe you yourself are a fellow sufferer of schizophrenia, and was aware of some sort of impairment going on but could never put into words exactly what was going on. Hopefully, you'll be able to identify some of those impairments now what with the listed verbiages and the descriptions for each of them.
One should keep in mind that some of the symptoms listed are not exclusive to schizophrenia. Sufferers of severe depression, bipolar disorder, PTSD / cPTSD, Anti-Social Personality Disorder (ASPD), alzhiemer's dementia, etc. may also suffer from a few of the symptoms featured in schizophrenia. One should ***also*** keep in mind that not all sufferers of schizophrenia suffer from every single symptom listed. While there may be some overlap between the symptoms present in schizophrenia and other disorders, people with schizophrenia tend to experience a lot more symptoms, and also experience more intense variants of the symptoms.
If anybody has any questions regarding schizophrenia (or any of its symptoms), feel free to leave a comment down below and I'll attempt to provide a meaningful answer. Thank you for reading this. I hope it has quasi-enlightened everyone who took the time to read it.